My waters may be different from some of yours but I'll share my theory anyway.
Big dry fly = big fish. the big fish in summer tend to nymph all the time and don't rise unless it is really worth their while. So you need a big morsel to make them rise from the bottom and make the effort worthwhile. Cicada imitations on a #6 to #8 are the go. Royal Wulffs and Humpies can ge as big as #8. But this is different when fish are rising - then you need to imitate the natural, be it big or small.
Small nymph = big fish. I believe that fish inspect nymphs more thoroughly before taking them and they know what a real nymph looks like as they eat them all day. When fishing a tandem nymph rig, say a #10 and a #16, the #16 gets taken 8 times out of ten. A big nymph can be a bit garish and trout will avoid them, except in very fast water where reaction time is short.
Big streamer or woolly bugger = big fish. This is pretty obvious. If you want to ignore the small fish and traget the big ones, fish a #6 black woolly bugger in a stream at dusk. Any fish you do catch is likely to be big.
My thoughts and experiences in any case. I'm sure other people will think differently based on the waters they fish.
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