In competition bait fishing the less experienced participants often resorted to charging their bait every 10 minutes with another dip and just hammered away with a P5 weight when things got tough next to the water ("dip n donner" syndrome).

What is the fly fishing equivalent? How often would/should you change a fly, and why?

There are so many different patterns out there, and some fly boxes can be compared to the muti boxes of the 90's (I believe even muti boxes got toned down a bit in the 21st century to a few favourite dips and that's it) and some fly boxes are much worse.

What's the correct process of finding fish when days are tough out there on the water?